Page 19 - Handout

War against Russia 1656-1661 During Swedish war against Poland, Russia declared war but then there were very few activities in the war. war on Sweden. One of the Russian purposes with the war was to extend the Russian borders to the Baltic Sea. Peace Treaty is signed June 21, 1661 where Russia was to After the peace with Russia of 1617 in Stolbova there had return all captured areas to Sweden. In the early negotia- been no hostilities along the Swedish-Russian border, so tions the Russians were reluctant to return any areas, so the Russian attack in Finland and Livonia came as sur- the Swedes gathered a force of 25000 soldiers, which prise. Russia had some success in the beginning of the made the Russians more willing to accept these terms. 1660 Royal Free-letter by Sw. Royal Mail, Sw. Government & Her Majesty Queen of Sweden Hedvig Eleonora,.... …Göteborg - Riga, Sw. Livonia, with listing nr “24” and Royal seal in black. Dated and signed (by herself and 5 Government members, incl. Constable of the Realm Lars Kagg, highest commander of the Sw. Army) March 28, 1660 and written in Swedish. Sent to Reval, Estonia and forwarded to Riga, Livonia. Arrival notation May 5, in Riga. Black colour in seal was used because of the official mourning of the Sw. King Carl X Gustav (Queen Hedvig Eleonora’s husband) death Feb. 13, 1660. Addressee was the Sw. General Inspector of war Bengt Rhenfelt. Content about the Government’s release of money for the garrison troops in Ingria and Finland, supply of equipment and food. 10 öre silver coins Göteborg-Reval letter rate -1 lod (=13.28g.) (Jan. 2), 1643 - Dec. 31, 1668. No extra cost for the forwarding. uu Finland (Sweden) uu Åbo The Sw. Baltic prov- Inger- inces and Finland uu uu manland were attacked in June and July 1656 by Rus- Stockholm uu Estonia sian troops, taking Reval advantage of that uu uu RUSSIA Sweden was already Baltic Sea at war with Poland uu and therefore weaker Götheborg uu Livonia Sw. defence was ex- pected. SWEDEN The letter route uu Riga uu POLAND Enemy forces Duration: Jun., 1656 - Jun. 21, 1661 Main area: Livonia, Estonia, Ingria & Finland