Page 21 - Handout

Carl X Gustav´s 2 war against Denmark 1658-1660 nd The Danes used delaying tactics of the implementation if Sweden would become too powerful. They wanted a of the Roskilde peace treaty Feb. 1658 (Denmark lost balance in the North and by defeating Denmark Sweden much territory to Sweden). The Sw. leadership wanted to would have disturbed that balance. The Netherlands had focus on the wars in Poland and against Russia, but was large trading interests in the Baltic Sea and therefore the not certain that the Danes would not attack Sweden to Netherlands sent a large fleet to help the Danes in the get lost territory back. The Swedish King Carl X Gustav war. An allied force of 24000 soldiers by Brandenburg, got furious and wanted to settle this once and for all. His Austria and Spain was sent to attack Swedish forces and aim was to return to Denmark with his army and this help Denmark. Sweden was hoping on help from Crom- time totally defeat Denmark. In August 1658 Sweden well and England. launched an attack on Denmark and Copenhagen is under siege. The King made it clear to the Danes that this In 1659 the Royal Navy arrived to look after British inter- was not a new war but an extension of the first war. ests and not let the Dutch get any advantages from the war. King Carl was reluctant to give up any land but The central European nations had watched Sweden grew when he died on February 13, 1660 Sweden could now and become a powerful nation during and after the accept to return Trondheim county in Norway and the Thirty Years war. The Swedish army was experienced island Bornholm to Denmark, which become reality in and well trained and their belief were that is wasn’t good the Peace Treaty in Copenhagen May 27, 1660. 1659 Royal letter by Sw. courier from His Majesty King of Sweden Carl X Gustav, Brönshöj, Denmark - Stettin... …in Swedish Pomerania. Signed by him-self and with a red Royal seal on back. Dated September 9, 1659 at the Swedish headquarter in the field camp at Brönshöj. Letters from the Swedish King in Denmark to Germany have been sent via Sweden and by ship from Ystad to Stralsund. The Swedish Army built 1658-1659 a fortified field camp at Brönshöj, between the Danish capital Copenhagen and Helsingör. The camp was also called “Carlstad” (= Carl´s town). The Sw. King died Feb. 13, 1660 and peace negotiations were started. King Carl X Gustav´s signature on the letter ! “Three Crowns” in the shield and “C.G.R.S” (Carl Gustav Rex Suecia). Duration: Aug. 8, 1658 - May 27, 1660 Main area: Själland (Sealand), Denmark