Page 105 - SD2015-09_John_Grant_Japan 1871to1883

Treaty Port of Hakodate fJapanl

Treaty of Peace and Amity [1854)

The treaty opened the Japanese parts of S b o d a an&Hakodate to United Statestrade and guaranteed

the safety of shipwrecked U.S. sailors; however, the treaty did not create a basis for establishing a
permanent residence in these locations. The treaty did establish a foundation for the Americans to
maintain a permanent consul in Shimoda. The arrival of the fleet would trigger the end of Japan's 200
year policy of seclusion (Sakoku). The Treaty was ratified on 21 February 1855.

Treaty of Amity & Commerce "HarrisTreaty"(1858)

The Kanagawa treaty was followed by the United States-Japan Treaty of Amity and Commerce, the
"Harris Trety"of 1858, which allowedthe establishment of foreign concessions, extraterritorialityfor
foreigners, and minimal import taxes for foreign goods. The Japanese chafed under the "unequaltreaty
system" which characterized Asian and western relations during this period.

5 sen blue
'U' Koban Series
Issued 1 Jan 1883

English text of the Kanagawa Treaty.
Similartreaties were subsequently negotiated by the United Kingdom (Anglo-Japanese Friendship
Treaty, October 1854),the Russians (Treaty of Shimoda, 7 Febmaq 18551, and the French (Treaty of
Amity and Commerce between France and Japan, 9 October 1858).